ls command

Introduction

 

An overview the attributes returned from ls -l

-rw-r----- 1 selvyn devs 6376211 Jul 29 23:29 install-chrome.sh

 

Collateral

• 1st Character – File Type: First character specifies the type of the file.
  • In the example above the hyphen (-) in the 1st character indicates that this is a normal file. Following are the possible file type options in the 1st character of the ls -l output.

• • Field Explanation
  • – normal file
  • d directory
  • s socket file
  • l link file
• Field 1 – File Permissions: Next 9 character specifies the files permission. Each 3 characters refers to the read, write, execute permissions for user, group and world In this example, -rw-r—– indicates read-write permission for user, read permission for group, and no permission for others.
• Field 2 – Number of links: Second field specifies the number of links for that file. In this example, 1 indicates only one link to this file.
• Field 3 – Owner: Third field specifies owner of the file. In this example, this file is owned by username ‘ramesh’.
• Field 4 – Group: Fourth field specifies the group of the file. In this example, this file belongs to ”team-dev’ group.
• Field 5 – Size: Fifth field specifies the size of file. In this example, ‘9275204’ indicates the file size.
• Field 6 – Last modified date & time: Sixth field specifies the date and time of the last modification of the file. In this example, ‘Jun 13 15:27′ specifies the last modification time of the file.
• Field 7 – File name: The last field is the name of the file. In this example, the file name is mthesaur.txt.gz.